I agree and have a couple others. A new e-mail sound wouldn’t happen enough to be annoying. A startup sound, provided that it is unobtrusive, could be a decent possibility.
I took some notes on the thesis I recommended above and here they are.
Sound at the interface level:
Spatial location and volume are both very low resolution
Using speech is more error-prone (and noise polluting) than non-speech
Loudness contributes to the level of annoyance
Sounds are traditionally used to indicate something happening, but not specifically what.
One problem is the association of sounds with actions events that have no correlation with the sound they are paired with, i.e. natural sounds taken out of the context of their natural environment. Another problem is memorizing sounds that go with actions.
Sound effects can be applied to a sound to convey information. Examples: thickening a pitch by applying chorus or a pitch shift so that several pitches play simultaneously, muffling or thinning by applying a low- or high-pass filter to convey distance, frequency-specific phase distortion to “excite” the sound, using echo and/or reverb to convey distance.
Use of sound needs an integrative approach i.e. top-down.
There is a direct proportion of pitch to perceived urgency.
Dissonance is more urgent of a request than consonance.
Intensity should be at least 10dB above threshold and no more than 20dB over.
Possible uses:
Relating info that is hidden. This could be info that is hard to access (file size / creation date on a Mac), not available (e.g . because of lack of screen space), visual clutter, info that is outside the area of visual focus of an app, or because it is a mode.
Timbre is a great differentiator of sounds, but only if they are not just subtle variations on the same timbre (overdriven guitar vs distortion guitar).
My own observations:
Sounds seem to be good at signifying completion events, such as the end of preheating of an oven or a microwave finishing its cook cycle.
Repetition of a note can be used to increase urgency.
“Sonifying” an interface’s widgets can increase usability, but at the expense of elegance and beauty. It can reduce a system to a chattering cacophony of beeps and musical notes.